Cov lus ntawv tam sim no tsis tshua muaj. Lawv tau hloov los ntawm kev hu xov tooj, hu video thiab e-mail. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum tus me nyuam niam txiv los yog tus me nyuam nws tus kheej pom tias yuav tsum tau sau ntawv rau tus kws qhia ntawv. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv kev sau ntawv. Piv txwv li, ib zaj lus hais txog cov hnub kawm ntawv uas ploj lawm. Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, lo lus nug yog tsis tseem ceeb, tab sis nws hloov tawm hais tias feem ntau tsis paub yuav ua li cas sau ib tsab ntawv mus rau tus kws qhia ntawv, yog li ntawd lawv feem ntau xa cov ntawv yooj yim los yog ua nrog hu. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb hauv qee lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab tej zaum yuav xav tau ntawm no.
Thaum siv
Cov ntawv yog cov hauv qab no:
- Taw qhia. Nws yog siv los ua ib txoj hauv kev los muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau tus kws qhia ntawv txog tus menyuam, piv txwv li, hais txog tus yam ntxwv ntawm nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Cov tsiaj no raug xa mus rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo kawm ntawv. Feem ntau siv tom qab hloov mus rau lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv, txawm hais tias tsis muaj dab tsi txwv tsis pub xa nws thaum pib ntawm txhua xyoo. Nws tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog hom caiscov ntaub ntawv sib txuas lus nrog tus kws qhia ntawv. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog kev npaj rau tus menyuam mus ncig yav tom ntej thiab kev ceeb toom ua ntej ntawm qhov tsis tuaj, sib tham txog cov phiaj xwm kev kawm ntxiv, thiab lwm yam.
- Ib tsab ntawv los daws txhua yam xwm txheej kub ntxhov lossis kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Tus kws qhia ntawv yeej tsis tuaj yeem saib xyuas txhua tus menyuam hauv chav kawm thiab ntsuas raws sijhawm ntawm qhov teeb meem uas tau tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus lub zej zog. Daim ntawv ceeb toom no tuaj yeem siv los daws cov teeb meem zoo li no, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev rau cov niam txiv kom paub sau ntawv mus rau tus kws qhia ntawv. Tau kawg, txoj kev no yuav tsum tsis txhob suav hais tias yog ib qho kev thuam lossis yws yws. Zoo li kev sib tham, nws yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm kev tsim kho thiab kev sib fwm sib luag.
- hom ntawv uas siv thiab siv ntau tshaj plaws yog kev ceeb toom ntawm qhov tsis muaj menyuam. Nws tuaj yeem raug xa mus rau ob qho tib si ua ntej qhov kev npaj tsis tuaj kawm ntawv (ib qho kev mus ncig nrog tsev neeg mus rau lwm cheeb tsam), thiab tom qab ntawv sau tseg. Piv txwv li, yog tias tus me nyuam muaj plab zom mov. Yog vim li cas ho tsis loj txaus mus rau tom tsev kho mob kom tau daim ntawv pov thawj kho mob, tab sis tib lub sij hawm nws yuav tsis pub ib tug me nyuam uas muaj mob plab hnyuv mus zaum ntsiag to hauv chav kawm.
- ua tsaug. Qhov no yog ib daim ntawv yooj yim los qhia rau tus kws qhia ntawv cov lus ua tsaug rau qhov kev qhia zoo tshaj plaws lossis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog saib xyuas tus menyuam cov teeb meem thiab pab daws lawv. Cov ntawv nyeem ntawm tsab ntawv ua tsaug rau tus kws qhia ntawv yuav ua qhov txiaj ntsig zoo rau nws lub luag haujlwm.
Ib tsab ntawv xa mus rau tus kws qhia lossistus thawj coj tsev kawm ntawv. Hom no yog siv rau ntau lub sijhawm los hais rau tus thawj xibfwb lossis tus xibfwb hauv chav kawm sawv cev ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv lossis nws niam nws txiv. Nws piav qhia vim li cas rau qhov kev thov no. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog ib tug tub kawm ntawv qhov kev lees paub qhov yuam kev lossis ib daim ntawv qhia txog qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo uas yuav tsum tau ceeb toom rau kev tswj hwm tsev kawm ntawv. Piv txwv li, ib tsab ntawv los ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv mus rau tus kws qhia ntawv thov kev tso cai los tsim lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag
Sau cov lus qhia
Muaj ntau cov ntawv sib txawv: ua tsaug, kev lag luam, kev zoo siab, npog thiab ntau ntxiv. Tsis muaj tsawg dua cov qauv rau kev sau ntawv: kev lag luam hais lus, daim ntawv poetic, sau ntawv, luam tawm, thiab lwm yam. Peb yuav hla cov ntsiab lus hais txog hom thiab muab ib txoj hauv kev sau ntawv rau koj saj, tsom rau qhov tseem ceeb, uas yog, yuav sau li cas. ib tsab ntawv rau tus kws qhia ntawv. Txwv tsis pub, cov lus qhia yuav yog qhov loj ntawm tag nrho ntim.
Paper, hnab ntawv thiab cwj mem
Koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntawv, ib lub hnab ntawv thiab txhua yam number case. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias tsab ntawv yuav tsum saib zoo zoo, sau rau ntawm daim ntawv huv si, tsis torn daim ntawv uas tsis tau siv yav dhau los rau lwm cov ntawv. Nws tsim nyog saib xyuas tias tus cwj mem sau tau zoo. Ntau tus cwj nrag ntawm cov ntawv yuav ua rau nws sloppy heev. Cov qauv yooj yim classic yog daim ntawv A4 hauv lub hnab ntawv dawb siv lub cwj mem dub lossis xiav thaum sau ntawv. Thiab nco ntsoov, yog tias koj tab tom sau ntawv mus rau tus kws qhia lus Lavxias, kev nyeem ntawv yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
Start
Pib yog ib nrab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Thiab cov paj lug no haum rau tsab ntawv zoo kawg nkaus. Nyob rau hauv Russia, nws yog feem ntau lees txais kev coj ua pib nrog qhov chaw nyob tos txais rau tus neeg nyob nrog cov lus "Saib lub npe tag nrho." Qhov kev thov rov hais dua yog muab tso rau hauv lub ces kaum sab xis ntawm daim ntawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, yog tias tus neeg sau npe muaj lub npe tsim nyog rau cov ntaub ntawv no (tus kws qhia ntawv hauv chav kawm, tus thawj tswj hwm tsev kawm ntawv), ces lawv yuav tsum tau teev nyob rau hauv kab hauv qab no. Thaum kawg ntawm qhov pib, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej. Yog li qhov pib yuav tsum zoo li no:
Nyob zoo Ivanova Galina Fedorovna
Rau tus thawj coj ntawm tsev kawm ntawv No.123 hauv Moscow
Los ntawm Petrova Irina Sergeevna
Niam Petrov Vanya los ntawm chav kawm 7B
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Subject
Tom qab kev thov rov hais dua, cov ntsiab lus ntawm tsab ntawv sau hauv qab no nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm kab. Piv txwv li, xws li cov lus ib txwm muaj xws li "zaj lus", "cov lus piav qhia", "thov kev tso cai", "thov", "thov" lossis lwm yam uas yuav ua rau tus neeg nyob hauv nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev thov rov hais dua.
Muaj lwm qhov pib ntawm cov ntawv, txawv me ntsis ntawm qhov tau piav qhia saum toj no, tab sis nrov hauv Russia. Nws zoo li no:
Rau tus thawj coj ntawm tsev kawm ntawv No.123 hauv Moscow
Los ntawm Petrova Irina Sergeevna
Niam txiv ntawm tub kawm Petrov Vanya los ntawm chav kawm 7B
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Nyob zoo Galina Fedorovna!
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, es tsis txhob ntawm cov ntsiab lus, qhov kev thov rov hais dua "Nyob zoo Galina Fedorovna!" yog qhia, tom qab ntawd cov ntsiab lus ntawm tsab ntawv pib ntawm kab tshiab. Muaj lwm yam kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov pib. Tsis tsawgcov hauv qab no yog nrov. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau yuav luag txhua qhov kev thov rau tsoomfwv cov koomhaum:
Rau tus thawj coj ntawm tsev kawm ntawv No.123 hauv Moscow
G. F. Ivanova
Nyob zoo Galina Fedorovna!
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I, Petrov Ivan, tus tub kawm ntawm chav kawm 7B, thov tso cai rau kuv…
Main part
Qhov no yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, uas yog, lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sau ntawv. Nws yuav tsum yog nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, nyob rau hauv thawj kab lus tam sim ntawd tom qab qhia koj tus kheej. Rau cov ntawv phooj ywg thiab cov lus ntawm cov neeg hauv tsev neeg, nws raug zam kom siv cov ntsiab lus ntev rau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, nrog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog txhua yam xwm txheej uas tau tshwm sim hauv koj lub neej nyob rau lub lim tiam dhau los, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov lus tseem ceeb thiab ib nrab, uas yog tsab ntawv mus rau ib tug xib fwb, qhov no yog categorically tsis txais tos. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsab ntawv mus rau tus kws qhia ntawv los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntsiab lus nrog cov ntsiab lus tsis tsim nyog yog zam.
Ntawm no, lo lus "brevity is the sister of talent" fits well. Lub luag haujlwm yog tsim kom luv luv thiab meej raws li qhov ua tau hauv thawj kab lus qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev thov rov hais dua rau tus neeg nyob hauv. Thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem pib pleev xim cov ntsiab lus ntxiv, yog tias muaj qhov xav tau. Hauv lwm lo lus, ua ntej koj txiav txim siab sau tsab ntawv mus rau tus kws qhia ntawv, koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov nws hais txog thiab tsim kom muaj cov qauv lus meej.
End
Yog tias qhov pib feem ntau muaj teeb meem ntawm "yuav ua li cas" lossis "los ntawm dab tsi" qib, ces qhov kawg feem ntau tsis nco qab. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias ntawm no muaj qee qhov peculiarities. Kev sau ntawv qhia txog qhov kawg ua tsaug rau tus neeg nyob hauv qhov kev siv nyiajsij hawm nyeem koj cov lus, nrog rau qhia koj cov ntaub ntawv tiv toj rau kev tawm tswv yim thiab hnub sau ntawv. Ces koj tus kheej kos npe muab tso. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias daim ntawv kos npe tau muab tso rau ze rau ntawm cov ntawv nyeem, thiab tsis yog qhov kawg ntawm daim ntawv. Cov lus qhia no tau yug los rau lub sijhawm thaum lawv nyob txhua qhov chaw, thiab cov kws dag ntxias tuaj yeem sau cov ntawv ntxiv hauv qhov chaw dawb ntawm koj cov kab lus kawg thiab koj kos npe, piv txwv li, thov kev pab nyiaj txiag. Kos npe ze rau kab kawg "sib khi" tsab ntawv, tsis tso cai rau koj ntxiv ib kab.
Sample
Thaum kawg ntawm tsab xov xwm, peb yuav muab ib tsab ntawv rau tus xibfwb, lossis tus thawj coj, ua tsab ntawv piav qhia vim tsis tau kawm ntau hnub. Cov lus qhia muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab lus square.
[kaum sab xis ntawm daim ntawv, pib
Rau tus thawj coj ntawm tsev kawm ntawv No.123 hauv Moscow
G. F. Ivanova
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[Subject] piav qhia
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[Gist]
I, Petrov Ivan, tus tub kawm ntawm chav kawm 7B, tsis tuaj kawm ntawm 23.10 txog 27.10 vim yog tsev neeg mus ncig.
[kawg: hnub tim thiab kos npe
28.10.19 Petrov I. S. ------------------------------ kos npe
Ntawm no, cov no yog cov kev xaiv. Nyob rau lub ntsiab lus no, yuav ua li cas sau ntawv rau tus kws qhia, peb txiav txim siab kaw.
