Kev sib sau-kev xav yog ib qho kev sau ntawv, uas yog kev nthuav qhia cov kev xav ntawm ib lub ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb lossis ntawm cov lus nthuav tawm ntawm ib txoj haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm no, tus sau cov ntawv sau tsis tsuas yog qhia qhov teeb meem thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub hauv paus, tab sis kuj qhia nws txoj hauj lwm ntsig txog qhov nws nyeem.
Kev sau ntawv yooj yim dua, nws tsim nyog ua ib qho laj thawj kev sau ntawv, ua raws li nws yooj yim dua los qhia koj cov kev xav. Txoj kev npaj pab tsis tau tsuas yog sau cov ntawv nyeem xwb, tab sis los tsim koj cov kev xav, uas yuav ua raws ib qho tom qab.
Short sketch
Ua ntej nthuav tawm cov phiaj xwm nthuav dav ntxiv, koj yuav tsum kos ib qho luv luv ntawm nws, uas yuav suav nrog cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
- Kev taw qhia.
- Cov lus qhia.
- Comment rau qhov teeb meem no.
- Txoj haujlwm ntawm tus sau.
- Tus kheej txoj haujlwm.
- Cov lus sib cav raws li ntawv.
- Zoo kawg.
Introduction, theses
Raws li kev sau ntawv sau-kev xav, yuav tsum muaj "Introduction", lossis ib yam dab tsi uas zaj dab neeg pib. Nyob rau hauv thawj ib feem, ib tug thesis los yog teeb meem yog tsim uas muaj feem xyuam rau lub ntsiabxav. Nws tuaj yeem raug sau tseg hauv txoj kev npaj uas koj tuaj yeem pib sau los ntawm kab lus uas yog tus phab ej, lossis los ntawm koj tus kheej cov lus.
Tib lub sijhawm, tus kheej cov lus tuaj yeem hais tau raws li hauv qab no: "Hnub no, qhov teeb meem no cuam tshuam" lossis "Lub sijhawm peb, qhov teeb meem mob hnyav." Lossis koj tuaj yeem siv cov duab stylistic, uas tau muab faib ua ntau pawg: cov lus nug rhetorical, lus nug thiab lus teb, rhetorical exclamation, nominal kab lus.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev yuav pib sau ntawv - siv cov lus pov thawj lossis hais tias tsim nyog rau cov ntawv no.
Lub cev, kev sib cav
Hais txog kev sau-kev xav ntawm cov ntawv nyeem, muaj ib kab lus thib ob, uas qhia tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm txoj haujlwm no. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txuas cov thesis rau cov lus sib cav, thiab qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav siv ntau txoj hauv kev.
Nyob hauv txoj kev npaj, koj tuaj yeem qhia txog kev siv cov cuab yeej lus:
- lus ntawm tus neeg thib 1 (peb yuav ua pov thawj, qhia, qhia, qhia meej);
- koomhaum (vim, txhawm rau, ua rau);
- cov lus qhia (ua ntej, yog li ntawd).
Lossis siv cov kev tsim kho syntactic uas yuav tsum tau hais hauv txoj kev npaj. Muaj cov qauv hauv qab no, uas feem ntau siv thiab pab cov tub ntxhais kawm tsim cov kab lus zoo nkauj: qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb; nws ua raws li qhov no uas; qhov laj thawj yog raws li nram no; lees paub los ntawm qhov ntawd, thiab lwm yam.
Koj yuav tsum tsim koj lub tswv yim kom paub meej tias koj pom zookoj nrog tus sau los tsis yog. Raws li kev sib cav, koj yuav tsum muab pov thawj uas koj tuaj yeem nqa los ntawm koj tus kheej kev paub lossis nyeem. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los sib cav qhov tseeb, uas yog, tsim ib qho system, thiab rau qhov no koj yuav tsum nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov teeb meem zoo.
Cov Lus Qhia
Lub ntsiab lus kawg ntawm kev sau ntawv-kev xav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv lossis lus Lavxias yog qhov xaus uas yuav tsum tau txuas nrog cov pov thawj saum toj no thiab qhia koj qhov kev xav. Ntau yam kev tsim kho kuj tuaj yeem pab cawm tau, xws li kev siv cov lus qhia (yog li, yog li) lossis cov lus sib dhos (cia peb xaus, xaus).
Yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov xaus yog txuas nrog cov lus qhia, uas tau hais txog qhov teeb meem tshwm sim, uas tau tshwm sim hauv ntu thib ob, nws pab ua kom tiav cov ntawv sau.
Pab sau ib tsab ntawv-tsim phiaj xwm
Nws yooj yim txaus los muab tso ua ke, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov luv luv. Txoj kev npaj muaj peb ntu, thiab lawv yooj yim rau nco qab, yog li ntawd, ua raws li nws, sau ib tsab ntawv.
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los kos cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog kev sau ntawv-kev xav, kom kev sau ntawv yooj yim dua thiab koj tuaj yeem tso siab rau qee cov lus qhia thiab kev ua kom yuam kev. Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tsis yog tsuas yog cov lus thiab kev tsim kho uas yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum sau ntawv, tab sis kuj tseem nthuav cov qauv nws tus kheej.
Yog li, kev taw qhia yuav pab qhia tus nyeem ntawv rau hauv kev sib tham, tham txog lub ntsiab lus thiab teeb meem thiab qhia tus cwj pwm ntawm tus sau tsab ntawv. Qhov thib ob qhia qhov teeb meem nrog cov lus los yog kev sib cav, thiab kuj tau qhiatxoj hauj lwm ntawm tus sau nyob rau hauv relation mus rau sau nrog kev qhia ntawm nws tus kheej lub tswv yim. Qhov kawg yog hais txog qhov pib thiab tuaj yeem xaus nrog cov lus nug rhetorical lossis ib nqe lus. Tab sis nws tuaj yeem zoo li qhov tshwm sim ntawm koj qhov kev xav, raws li qhov xaus-generalization lossis hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev ntsuas.
Nco ntsoov sau
Ua ntej koj npaj yuav ua li cas sau ib tsab ntawv-xov xwm, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo nyeem ib qho excerpt los ntawm kev ua hauj lwm los yog cov ntawv uas tau npaj los soj ntsuam thiab laj thawj ntawm ib lub ntsiab lus.
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog txiav txim siab seb cov lus nug lossis teeb meem nyob hauv cov ntawv nyeem. Thaum sau ntawv, nws tsim nyog yuav tsum faib cov ntim ntawm cov ntawv sau kom raug, qhov twg cov lus qhia thiab cov lus xaus yuav ua rau ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov haujlwm, thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yuav raug siv rau kev xav.
Nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau pib sau ntawv tam sim ntawd txhawm rau tsim cov teeb meem kom raug, yog li koj tuaj yeem pib nrog ntu thib ob, tej zaum txawm kos qhov xaus thiab sau cov thesis thaum kawg.
Tsis tas yuav siv cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg dhau lawm, vim tias koj tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau rau lawv, tab sis kev nthuav qhia, kev sib txuas yuav yog tus pab zoo thaum tsim kab lus. Lawv tuaj yeem sau ua ntej raws li kev sau ntawv-kev xav, txhawm rau siv tom qab.
Thaum kev xav, koj yuav tsum tau muab cov piv txwv tshwj xeeb uas koj tuaj yeem coj los ntawm koj tus kheej lub neej, los ntawm cov ntsiab lus los ntawm kev ua haujlwm, los ntawm lub neej ntawm cov neeg nto moo. Tsis txhob ntshai hais tus sau nws tus kheej, thaum qhia koj qhov kev xav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws txawv ntawm tus sau thiab yuav muabsib cav vim li cas koj tsis pom zoo.
Thaum kawg, koj yuav tsum rov nyeem qhov koj tau sau, tej zaum pom kev sau ntawv thiab syntax yuam kev, thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov ntawv nyeem sib txuam thiab muaj laj thawj.
