Geometry yog kev tshawb fawb ntau yam. Nws txhim kho logic, kev xav thiab kev txawj ntse. Ntawm chav kawm, vim nws txoj kev nyuaj thiab muaj pes tsawg tus theorems thiab axioms, cov menyuam kawm ntawv tsis nyiam nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tau ua pov thawj lawv cov lus xaus tas li siv cov qauv lees paub thiab cov cai.
Cov kaum sab xis thiab ntsug yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm geometry. Muaj tseeb ntau cov menyuam kawm ntawv tsuas nyiam lawv vim tias lawv cov khoom muaj tseeb thiab yooj yim los ua pov thawj.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg sawv daws
Txhua lub kaum sab xis yog tsim los ntawm kev hla ob kab lossis kos ob lub rays ntawm ib qho chaw. Lawv tuaj yeem raug hu nrog ib tsab ntawv lossis peb, uas ua raws cov ntsiab lus los tsim lub kaum.
Lub kaum sab xis ntsuas hauv qib thiab tuaj yeem (nyob ntawm lawv tus nqi) raug hu txawv. Yog li, muaj lub kaum sab xis, mob, obtuse thiab deployed. Txhua lub npe sib raug rau ib qho kev ntsuas qib lossis nws lub sijhawm.
Lub kaum sab xis yog lub kaum sab xis uas nws ntsuas tsis tshaj 90 degrees.
Ib tug obtuse yog lub kaum sab xis siab dua 90 degrees.
Ib lub kaum sab xis yog thaum nws ntsuas yog 90.
Nyob hauv qhov ntawdrooj plaub thaum nws yog tsim los ntawm ib tug nruam txoj kab ncaj nraim, thiab nws degree ntsuas yog 180, nws yog hu ua unfolded.
kaum tsev
Lub kaum sab xis uas muaj ib sab, sab thib ob uas txuas ntxiv mus, yog hu ua ib sab. Lawv tuaj yeem yog ntse lossis blunt. Qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm ib lub kaum sab xis nrog ib txoj kab tsim cov ces kaum uas nyob ib sab. Lawv cov khoom muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- Cov sum ntawm cov ces kaum yuav sib npaug rau 180 degrees (muaj ib qho kev qhia ua pov thawj qhov no). Yog li ntawd, ib qho ntawm lawv tuaj yeem suav tau yooj yim yog tias lwm tus paub.
- Nws ua raws los ntawm thawj qhov chaw uas cov ces kaum uas nyob ib sab tsis tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm obtuse lossis ob lub kaum ntse ntse.
Vim cov khoom no, ib tus tuaj yeem suav qhov ntsuas ntawm lub kaum sab xis muab tus nqi ntawm lwm lub kaum sab xis, lossis tsawg kawg qhov piv ntawm lawv.
Vertical corners
Lub kaum sab xis uas nws sab yog txuas ntxiv ntawm ib leeg hu ua ntsug. Ib qho ntawm lawv ntau yam tuaj yeem ua raws li ib khub. Vertical angles yeej ib txwm sib npaug rau ib leeg.
Lawv tau tsim ntawm txoj kab kev sib tshuam. Ua ke nrog lawv, cov ces kaum uas nyob ib sab ib txwm muaj. Lub kaum sab xis tuaj yeem nyob ib sab ntawm ib qho thiab ntsug mus rau lwm qhov.
Thaum hla cov kab sib txuas nrog txoj kab uas tsis ncaj ncees, ob peb hom kaum ntxiv kuj raug txiav txim siab. Xws li ib txoj kab yog hu ua secant, thiab nws tsim cov sib raug zoo, ib sab thiab cross-dej cov ces kaum. Lawv sib npaug sib npaug. Lawv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm cov khoom uas ntsug thiab cov ces kaum nyob ib sab muaj.
Yoglub ntsiab lus ntawm cov ces kaum zoo li yooj yim heev thiab nkag siab. Tag nrho lawv cov khoom yog ib qho yooj yim kom nco qab thiab ua pov thawj. Kev daws teeb meem tsis yooj yim yog tias cov ces kaum sib haum rau tus lej. Twb tau ntxiv lawm, thaum txoj kev tshawb fawb txog kev txhaum thiab cos pib, koj yuav tsum nco txog ntau yam qauv, lawv cov lus xaus thiab qhov tshwm sim. Txog thaum ntawd, koj tuaj yeem txaus siab rau cov kev sib tw yooj yim uas koj yuav tsum nrhiav cov ces kaum uas nyob ib sab.
