Xyaum txhua lub tebchaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no tshuav ib yam dab tsi rau Ancient Greece. Cov kab lis kev cai, kev paub hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab lub neej niaj hnub, txawm tias qee qhov kev xav hauv ntiaj teb no ntawm lub tebchaws qub tau raug coj los ua lub hauv paus ntawm European feem ntau, thiab tsis yog, xeev. Keeb kwm ntawm lub xeev me me no tseem xav kawm.
Greek ntsuas
Raws li koj paub, txhua txoj cai ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Aegean yog ib qho kev tsim lub xeev qub, yog li cov ntsuas ntsuas tau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ib leeg. Rau lub sijhawm ntev tsis muaj qhov tseeb thiab feem ntau lees txais cov qauv ntawm kev ntsuas, thiab ib chav tsev ntawm qhov hnyav hauv tebchaws Greece tsuas yog tsis muaj nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev txhim kho ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev lag luam, yuav tsum muaj kev xav tau rau lawv qhov kev nthuav dav thiab kev tsim qauv. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua VI BC. Ob qhov kev lees txais nyiaj txiag feem ntau tau tsim - Euboean (nws tau siv hauv Aegean) thiab Aegina (nws tau nrov hauv Peloponnese). Sij hawm dhau mus, Athens tau hloov mus rau Euboean system, thiab txij li lub sijhawm Athenian Maritime tau tsim, nws tsim lub hauv paus ntawm qhov system.kev ntsuas ntawm lub nroog me-xeev ntawm lub union.
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev suav qhov ntsuas ntau
Cov lus nug tseem tsis tau paub meej, qhov twg qhov ntsuas qhov hnyav tuaj ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws Ancient thiab qhov ntsuas ntsuas thiab ntsuas qhov loj ntawm lub cev xoob thiab kua tshwm sim. Feem ntau ntawm cov kev tshawb pom los ntawm archaeologists hnub rov qab mus rau Lub Hnub Nyoog Bronze. Ib tug me me ntawm artifacts belongs rau thaum ntxov Bronze Age. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tau txais thaum lub sijhawm excavations, tus naas ej archaeologist Lorenz Ramstorff muaj peev xwm qhia tau tias cov neeg nyob hauv lub xeev Greek thaum ub tau cuam tshuam los ntawm Middle East. Raws li nws, nws yog los ntawm qhov ntawd tias Greek ntsuas qhov system tau coj, tshwj xeeb, ntsuas qhov hnyav hauv Ancient Greece. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm lub xyoo pua 3 BC
Greek chav ntsuas qhov hnyav
Ib qho qauv meej ntawm kev suav thiab feem ntau lees txais cov npe ntawm kev ntsuas tsis tshwm sim tam sim ntawd. Chav tsev ntawm qhov hnyav hauv tebchaws Greece thaum ub tau hloov pauv tseem ceeb thiab tsuas yog nws thiaj li nyob rau hauv txoj kev ncaj ncees "kev sib haum xeeb". Nws yog raws li nram no:
- halq - yog sib npaug rau 0.09 grams;
- obol - is equal to 8 chalk and 0.71 grams;
- diobol - muaj 2 obols thiab sib npaug rau 1.42 grams;
- drachma - muaj 3 diobols, sib npaug rau 4.25 grams;
- tetradrachm - muaj 4 drachmas thiab 17 grams.
- mina - muaj 25 tetradrachms thiab sib npaug rau 425 grams.
- txuj - muaj 60 feeb thiab sib npaug li 25.5 kilograms.
Cov no yog ob pebhnyav nyob rau hauv Ancient Greece.
kev sib raug zoo
Qhov hnyav ntawm tebchaws Greece thaum ub tsim lub hauv paus ntawm txhua qhov kev lag luam kev sib raug zoo hauv lub xeev. Raws li koj paub, rau cov neeg Greek thaum ub, kev lag luam yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub neej ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog thiab cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig. Kev lag luam Overland, uas nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb, tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Ib qho chaw tseem ceeb tau ua si los ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khw muag khoom thiab cov neeg yuav khoom - kev muag khoom thiab kev yuav khoom thiab khoom noj khoom haus, uas yog lub ntsiab ntawm kev lag luam.
Nyob rau hauv txhua txoj cai Greek muaj ib cheeb tsam - agora. Nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm txoj cai, yuav muaj ntau qhov chaw. Cov agoras yog cov kev taw qhia sib txawv - piv txwv li, cov ntses agora nyob ib sab ntawm lub hiav txwv. Tag nrho cov kev lag luam thiab cov nyiaj hloov pauv tau tshwm sim ntawm cov squares: cov khoom tau yuav thiab muag, cov khoom tau pauv, kev sib cog lus tau xaus ntawm cov neeg hauv nroog. Cov neeg muag khoom loj hauv agora tau muab cov chaw muag khoom, cov tub lag luam me siv cov kab ua ntej lossis cov tsev pheeb suab.
Kev xyaum yog kev faib khoom hauv kab, cov neeg no tau koom nrog. Hauv kev lag luam, cov nplais nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug quab thiab lever hom, tus qauv luj ua los ntawm cov hlau lead lossis pob zeb, thiab ntsuas cov hlab ntsha ntawm ntau yam duab thiab ntau thiab tsawg tau siv.
Muaj txoj haujlwm rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab saib xyuas cov txheej txheem kev lag luam ntawm agora - tus kws tshaj lij agronomist.
