Qhov tseeb tias qhov no yog sab hnub poob yog qhia hauv thaj chaw kawm, txij li lub tswv yim no cuam tshuam nrog kev txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm daim duab qhia. Txawm li cas los xij, cov lexeme no suav nrog lwm cov kev txhais lus uas cuam tshuam tsis tau tsuas yog nrog kev tshawb fawb, tab sis kuj nrog kab lis kev cai, thiab txawm tias muaj tswv yim. Qhov tseeb hais tias qhov no yog sab hnub poob - nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev txhais lus, yuav tau tham nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.
phau ntawv txhais lus
Hauv phau ntawv txhais lus, txhais lus ntawm sab hnub poob yog raws li hauv qab no. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov lus qhia cardinal, uas yog rov qab mus rau sab hnub tuaj thiab sib raug rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm hnub poob. Nws nyob ntawm sab laug ntawm tus neeg soj ntsuam, uas tig mus rau sab qaum teb.
Piv txwv: "Ib tug neeg hla kev piav qhia rau cov neeg taug kev tias lawv yuav tsum xub mus txog qhov kev sib tshuam, uas nyob tsis pub tshaj ob puas meters sab hnub poob ntawm tub ceev xwm tsheb."
Tab sis muaj qhov txhais thib ob, teev hauv phau ntawv txhais lus.
Lwm lub ntsiab lus
Lo lus "sab hnub poob" hauv phau ntawv txhais lus kuj suav tias yog kev sib sau ua ke,denoting lub capitalist lub teb chaws uas nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub USSR, thiab niaj hnub no - los ntawm Russia. Muaj kev sib cav txog nyiaj txiag thiab kev xav ntawm lawv thiab USSR.
Piv txwv: "Nyob rau hauv Soviet Union, ib txhia neeg npau suav ntawm tsiv lawv tsev neeg mus rau sab hnub poob, raws li lub neej nyob rau hauv lawv lub tswv yim, yog ruaj khov, xis thiab kwv yees."
Kev nkag siab tias qhov no yog sab hnub poob, kev paub txog keeb kwm ntawm lo lus yuav pab tau.
Etymology
Lo lus kawm yog los ntawm Proto-Slavic lus, los ntawm qhov uas nws tau nkag mus rau hauv Laus Slavonic, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau Lo Lus Laus, qhov twg nws zoo li "zapad". Thaum xub thawj, nws txhais tau tias "sunset", raws li lawv hais ces, "poob". Cov yav tas yog piv nrog cov Latin occidēns nyob rau hauv tib lub siab. Raws li txoj cai, sab hnub poob yog qhov chaw uas lub hnub poob hauv qab lub qab ntug. Thawj thawj zaug hauv Lavxias nws tau hais nyob rau hauv qhov chaw yos rov qab rau xyoo pua 11th.
Yog li, "sab hnub poob" yog lub npe muab los ntawm lwm lub npe - "lub caij nplooj zeeg", uas los ntawm kev qhia "lub caij nplooj zeeg", txhais tau tias "teeb, dov hla lub qab ntug." Cov lus qhia no, nyob rau hauv lem, yog tsim los ntawm Proto-Slavic lo lus "padati" (kom poob) los ntawm kev ntxiv ib tug prefix - lub prefix "rau".
Los ntawm qhov kawg tsim, piv txwv li:
- Old Slavic - caij nplooj zeeg, caij nplooj zeeg;
- Russian - poob, poob;
- Ukrainian - mus graze;
- Belarusian - passsi;
- Bulgarian - padna;
- Serbo-Croatian - caij nplooj zeeg, caij nplooj zeeg;
- Slovenian - pásti, padem;
- Kub Czech - pásti,pab;
- Czech – padat;
- Polish – paść;
- Upper Luga – padac;
- Lower Luga – padaś.
lo lus yog cognate:
- Old Indian padyate - " ntog, mus";
- rau Avestan paiđyeiti – “los, los”; ava-pasti - "lub caij nplooj zeeg";
- North Indo-Iranian pasta - "poob";
- Old High German gi-feʒʒan - "mus poob";
- Anglo-Saxon fetan - "raug poob";
- Latin pessum - "mus rau hauv av, prostrate".
Tsab hnub poob li kev vam meej
Nov yog hom kab lis kev cai tshwj xeeb uas keeb kwm keeb kwm tshwm sim hauv Western Europe. Nyob rau hauv centuries tsis ntev los no, nws tau undergone ib tug txheej txheem ntawm social modernization. Western kev vam meej yog lub successor ntawm Greco-Roman. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb keeb kwm. Tab sis nws tsis yog ib qho ntawm ntau lwm yam kev vam meej thaum ub, vim nws tsuas yog ib qho uas kev tshawb fawb tau vam meej tom qab ib txhiab xyoo sib txawv.
Lub ntiaj teb sab hnub poob suav nrog cov txheej txheem kev coj noj coj ua, kev lag luam thiab kev nom kev tswv uas koom ua ke cov teb chaws Europe thiab North America thiab cais lawv los ntawm lwm lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nws kuj suav nrog Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Israel, South Africa, Kaus Lim Qab Teb, Nyiv thiab lwm yam. Thaum Tsov Rog Txias nrog Soviet Union, cov tebchaws sab hnub poob tau nkag siab tias txhais tau tias NATO lub tebchaws thiab lawv cov phoojywg. Hauv kev nom kev tswv, lo lus no tseem siv niaj hnub no.
Cov lus nug ntawm Russia qhov kev koom nrog Western kev vam meej niaj hnub no tseem muaj kev sib cav. Muaj peb txoj kev xav txog qhov no:
- Raws li thawj zaug (Westernism), Russia yog ib feem ntawm sab hnub poob,tab sis nws txhim kho nrog qeeb.
- Cov neeg txhawb nqa lub tswv yim thib ob, Slavophiles, ntseeg tias peb lub tebchaws yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev ywj pheej, tshwj xeeb kev vam meej, uas, ntawm ib sab, yog kev tawm tsam ntawm Western ib, thiab ntawm lwm yam, ntau yam. tsis zoo li nws.
- Thirds cam hais tias Russia sawv ntawm txoj kev sib tshuam ntawm kev vam meej, sib koom ua ke lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv uas tsis sib koom ua ib qho tseem ceeb thiab sib xws.
