Physics hauv tshuaj, ib yam li lwm yam kev tshawb fawb, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Hauv kab lus no, peb yuav saib ntau yam piv txwv ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab lub neej ntawm tib neeg li cas. Peb yuav pom zoo tam sim ntawd tias peb yuav tsis nkag mus rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis kom tsis txhob yuam kev rau leej twg. Cia peb pib nrog qee qhov piv txwv.
Koj qhov kub thiab txias yog dab tsi, mem tes thiab ntshav siab
Tshuaj tsis ua tiav yam tsis muaj peb qhov tseem ceeb uas yog lub hauv paus rau kev ntsuas tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv: kub, siab, thiab feem ntau kuj mem tes.
Raws li koj paub, qhov ntsuas kub yog ntsuas nrog lub ntsuas kub (tseem hu ua "thermometer"). Yuav tsum ntsuas dab tsi? Tus qauv rau ib tug neeg yog T=36, 60C. Undoubtedly, nws yog tso cai, piv txwv li, 36, 30С thiab 36, 80С. Tab sis yog tias lub cev kub siab tshaj 36.90C, ces peb tuaj yeem hais tias tus neeg tsis noj qab haus huv.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm physics hauv tshuaj no yog dab tsi? Cov uas kawm txij qib 7 txog rau qib 11 (lossis tsawg kawg yog qib 9) paub zoo tias qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov ntau ntawm lub cev. Nws yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv ob peb units. Tab sis nyob rau hauv Russia nws yog kev cai ntsuas nyob rau hauv Celsius. Thermometers yog mercury, hluav taws xob (nrog lub sensor tshwj xeeb).
Kev kub siab kuj yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis muaj cov nuances. Tsis yog rau txhua tus neeg lub siab ntawm 120 tshaj 80 yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ib tug neeg muaj kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm 110 txog 70, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nws yog ntsuas siv lub tonometer (cuff, pear rau nqus cua, ntsuas siab). Kuj tseem muaj hluav taws xob, computer tonometers. Raws li txoj cai, niaj hnub siv tshuab ib txhij ntsuas ntshav siab thiab mem tes. Raws li rau cov units ntawm kev ntsuas ntawm lub siab, muaj ob peb ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv physics. Hauv cov tshuaj, qhov siab yog ntsuas hauv millimeters mercury (mmHg). Nws yooj yim dua los ntsuas cov mem tes ntawm koj tus kheej thiab txhim khu kev qha ntau dua, vim koj yuav tsum suav pes tsawg tus neeg ntaus hauv ib feeb tau paub lawm.
khoom siv kuaj mob
Kev siv physics hauv tshuaj yog qhov tsim nyog hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no. Tsis yog ib leeg, txawm tias lub tsev kho mob txom nyem tshaj plaws tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj cov cuab yeej kuaj mob. Txhua qhov chaw muaj cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws:
- xov tooj cua;
- electrocardiographs.
cov khoom siv ultrasound, gastroscopes, cov khoom siv kho qhov muag tsis muaj tsawg hauv kev thov.
Tau kawg, txhawm rau tsim qee yam khoom siv, ntau tus kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum koom ua ke. Nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau tshaj ib xyoos los tsim cov khoom siv zoo. Qhov tsim nyog, cov txheej txheem yuav tsum cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob muaj sia yam tsis muaj kev phom sij. Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis yog txhua lub cuab yeej muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov no, yog li cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom ua tib zoo soj ntsuam cov koob tshuaj, lub sijhawm kuaj lossis kho.
Kev Tshawb Fawb: Ultrasound
Lub tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm ntawm physics suav nrogntu "Oscillations thiab nthwv dej" - lub ntsiab lus "Suab". Nws muaj peb hom: infrasound (los ntawm 16 mus rau 20 Hertz), suab (los ntawm 21 txog 19,999 Hertz), ultrasound (los ntawm 20,000 Hertz thiab saum toj no). "hertz" yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog qhov zaus ntawm kev vibrations uas tshwm sim hauv ib pliag xwb. Peb tab tom tham txog lub suab nthwv dej uas nkag los ntawm ib qho nruab nrab mus rau lwm qhov nrog qee zaus. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm physics hauv kev txhim kho cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog raws li nram no: biophysicists thiab designers tau invented thiab txuas ntxiv mus invent muaj zog pab kiag li lawm rau kev kawm nyob rau hauv lub cev.
Hnub no, kev kuaj mob ultrasound yog ib txoj kev tshawb fawb sai tshaj plaws, tsis mob thiab nyab xeeb tshaj plaws. Tab sis muaj qhov tsis zoo: koj tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas cov kab mob hauv lub plab, lub plab me me, ob lub raum, cov thyroid caj pas. Tshawb nrhiav seb puas muaj pob txha tawg lossis ua li cas rau qhov muag lossis cov hniav yuav tsis ua haujlwm.
Sib nqus resonance thiab xam tomography
Ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob niaj hnub no yog magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas zoo li no ua rau pom tseeb dua ntawm qhov tshwm sim hauv ib lub cev. Nws tuaj yeem hais tam sim ntawd tias MRI yog nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev hloov rau ultrasound. Vim li cas? Raws li peb tau hais los saum no, ultrasound tsuas tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kab mob hauv plab, lub plab me me thiab cov thyroid caj pas. Cov pob txha thiab cov hlab ntsha tsis tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas. MRI tuaj yeem ua qhov no. Lwm txoj hauv kev rau ob txoj kev no (ultrasound thiab MRI) tuaj yeem suav tomography (CT).
Nco ntsoov tias ultrasound thiab CT yuav tsum tau sivtshuaj ntxiv kom muaj kev kuaj xyuas zoo.
Physiotherapy
Kev kho lub cev ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv: cua sov, hluav taws xob ultraviolet, electrophoresis thiab lwm yam.
Lwm qhov kev pab cuam dab tsi tau ua rau physics? Hauv cov tshuaj, muaj ntau hom khoom siv, khoom siv, tsis yog rau cov chaw kho mob thiab tsev kho mob xwb. Tam sim no, qee lub tuam txhab tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Piv txwv li, ntau hom inhalers rau kev kho ua pa. Qhov no kuj suav nrog ultrasonic, infrared, electromagnetic li.
Txiv neej
Kev kho mob xwm txheej kub ntxhov rau cov mob hnyav ua rau kev nkag siab qhov twg muaj cov kws tshaj lij resuscitators. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg ua tsis taus pa dheev nres, nws lub plawv dhia nres, ces, raws li txoj cai, lawv sim coj nws rov qab los. Lub hauv siab compression tsis yog ib txwm yooj yim, tab sis kuj txaus ntshai.
Pab kws kho mob xws li lub cuab yeej, uas yog hu ua "defibrillator". Nov yog lwm daim ntawv thov ntawm physics hauv tshuaj. Cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm cov cuab yeej suav tias cov dej ntws yuav tsum dhau los ntawm tib neeg lub siab thiaj li yuav pib. Yam tseem ceeb yog cov khoom siv, cov kev cai ntawm kev siv nyab xeeb. Artificial lung ventilation (IVL) cov khoom siv kuj yog ib qho txiaj ntsig ntawm physics.
Physics Section: "Optics thiab Teeb"
Txhua tus neeg thib ob hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub no hnav tsom iav lossis tsom iav. Txhawm rau xaiv txoj caidiopters, koj yuav tsum siv sijhawm ntau. Optics yog siv nyob rau hauv microscopes.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm physics hauv tshuaj yog qhov zoo heev, txawm tias me me. Optics pib siv ob peb centuries dhau los. Qhov no yog ib tug complex science. Raws li koj paub, muaj converging thiab diverging lo ntsiab muag. Thiab ib tug tuaj yeem txiav txim rau lawv cov kev txwv rau lub sijhawm ntev. Ib tug neeg zoo tib yam puas tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv "-1.0" diopter los ntawm, piv txwv li, "-1.5"? Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau tus neeg mob myopia xaiv cov tsom iav kom raug.
Laser kho qhov muag pom, thiab kev phais laser feem ntau, yog ib txoj haujlwm nyuaj heev. Cov kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum tau ua qhov tseeb tshaj plaws suav nrog txhawm rau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab tsis yog qhov tshwm sim txaus ntshai.
Tshuaj khomob thiab xov tooj cua
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav kom nrhiav tau txoj kev kho mob. Yuav luag tsis muaj tus neeg mob tau txais kev kho mob chemotherapy. Undoubtedly, kev paub ntau ntxiv ntawm chemistry yog xav tau ntawm no. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum paub seb puas yuav irradiate tus neeg mob.
Atomic thiab radiological physics hauv tshuaj rau cov neeg mob oncology tuaj yeem yog txoj hauv kev cawm neeg txoj sia, yog tias tsis yog tsuas yog siv rau hauv kev xyaum, tab sis kuj tsim cov cuab yeej thiab cov cuab yeej meej heev.
Txhua tus rau pej xeem
Ntau tus neeg txhawj xeeb txog lawv tus kheej kev noj qab haus huv, nrog rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg hlub. Lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no muaj ntau yam cuab yeej siv tau zoo. Kev lag luam muaj, piv txwv li, nitrate meters hauv zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, dosimeters, hluav taws xob glucometers (cov khoom siv ntsuas ntshav qab zib),hluav taws xob ntshav ntsuas ntsuas, chaw nres tsheb huab cua hauv tsev thiab lwm yam. Tau kawg, qee qhov ntawm cov cuab yeej no tsis yog kho mob, tab sis lawv pab tib neeg kom noj qab haus huv.
Kev pab ib tus neeg nkag siab txog ntau yam kev nyeem ntawm cov cuab yeej yuav pab tsis tau tsuas yog cov lus qhia, tab sis kuj yog tsev kawm ntawv lub cev. Hauv tshuaj, nws muaj tib txoj cai, ntsuas ntsuas raws li nyob rau hauv lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub neej.
Yuav ua li cas npaj kev paub daws teeb meem
Yog ib lub tsev kawm ntawv, tsev kawm txuj ci lossis lub koom haum raug thov kom sau ib tsab ntawv (daim ntawv qhia) ntawm lub ncauj lus "Lub luag haujlwm ntawm physics hauv tshuaj", ces muaj ob peb lub tswv yim ntawm no:
- sau ib nqe lus luv luv ntawm lub ncauj lus;
- txhim kho txoj kev npaj rau kev sau cov ntawv (nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau rhuav tshem txhua yam rau hauv cov ntsiab lus subheadings, kab lus);
- cia kom muaj ntau yam ntaub ntawv ntau li ntau tau.
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los sau txog qhov koj nkag siab. Nws yog undesirable mus ntxig rau hauv lub abstract / qhia tej yam uas koj tsis to taub, piv txwv li, ib tug complex scientific piav qhia txog yuav ua li cas ib tug ultrasound los yog ib tug ECG tshuab ua hauj lwm.
Yog hais tias qhov kev paub daws teeb meem / ntawv tshaj tawm tau muab rau hauv physics, ces tsuas yog cov ncauj lus uas koj tau kawm thiab nkag siab zoo. Piv txwv li, optics. Yog tias koj kawm tsis tau zoo hauv radiophysics, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob sau txog cov khoom siv rau kev kho cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav.
Cia lub ntsiab lus nthuav dav ua ntej ntawm koj tus kheej, thiab nkag siab. Tom qab tag nrho, cov lus nug ntxiv tuaj yeem nug tsis yog los ntawm tus kws qhia, tab sis kuj yog los ntawm cov phooj ywg / cov phooj ywg hauv chav kawm.
