Thaum xub thawj, nws yuav zoo li Korean, zoo li Suav zoo sib xws, muaj cov cim. Tab sis qhov tseeb, qhov no tsis yog li ntawd: Koreans tam sim no siv lawv tus kheej cov tsiaj ntawv tshwj xeeb. Cov tsiaj ntawv Kauslim tau tsim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th, uas yog nyob rau hauv 1443. Nws tau tsim los ntawm ib pawg kws tshawb fawb Kauslim coj los ntawm plaub van Joseon (tus huab tais) Sejong lub Great. Tam sim no, tsab ntawv Kauslim hu ua Hangul (한글), nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv DPRK thiab Kaus Lim Qab Teb.
Muaj 24 tus tsiaj ntawv hauv Kaus Lim Kauslim, ntawm 14 tus lej yog tus lej thiab 10 yog tus lej. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj diphthongs hauv Hangul (muaj 11 ntawm lawv) thiab 5 ob tus lej, uas yog, cov ntawv txuas nrog. Nws hloov tawm tias thaum kawg cov tsiaj ntawv Kauslim muaj tag nrho ntawm 40 tsab ntawv.
Vaj
Ua ntej, cia peb saib cov vowels. Cov tsiaj ntawv Korean yog sau los ntawm hauv qab mus rau saum thiab los ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis. Tsis txhob nco qhov tseeb no: kev sau cov tsiaj ntawv hauv Kauslim yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
| Sau ib tsab ntawv | hais lus | Yuav ua li cas kom raug |
| ㅏ | a | Qhia tau me ntsis dav dua peb lub suab "ib" Lavxias. |
| ㅑ | ya | tsab ntawv no suab zoo li "ya". |
| ㅓ | o | tsab ntawv no yog qhov chaw ntawm "a" thiab "o". Hais nws zoo li tsab ntawv "ntub" o hauv Lavxias. |
| ㅕ | yo | Tau tsab ntawv ㅓ raws li koj tau kawm nws cov lus, tsuas yog ntxiv lub suab "y" ua ntej ntawm nws. |
| ㅗ | o | tsab ntawv no yog ib yam ntawm "u" thiab "o". Yuav kom hais nws, siv koj daim di ncauj zoo li koj yuav hais "y", tab sis qhov tseeb hais tias "o". |
| ㅛ | yo | Ua kom koj daim di ncauj zoo li hneev taw thiab hais "y" ua ntej tsab ntawv ㅗ, cov lus uas peb tau txheeb xyuas saum toj no. |
| ㅜ | y | Suab zoo li tob thiab nyuaj "y". |
| ㅠ | yu | Deep "yoo" sound. |
| ㅡ | s | Sound zoo li tob "s". |
| ㅣ | thiab | Soft "thiab". |
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws
Diphthongs yog ob lub suab. Hauv Kaus Lim Qab Teb, peb rov hais dua, muaj 11 ntawm lawv. Hauv qab no peb yuav txheeb xyuas tag nrho cov diphthongs thiab lawv cov lus raug.
| Sau ib tsab ntawv | hais lus | Yuav ua li cas kom raug |
| ㅐ | e | Pronounced as "e". |
| ㅒ | e | Ib qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm "e" thiab "ye" |
| ㅔ | e | Pronounced as "e". |
| ㅖ | e | Ib qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm "e" thiab "ye" |
| ㅘ | wa (wa) | Korean tsis muaj suab zoo li peb Lavxias "v" suab. Qhov no diphthong yog pronounced raws li yog hais tias koj xub hais "y", thiab ces abruptly ntxiv "a". Tej yam zoo li kev xav tsis thoob "waaa!" |
| ㅙ | ve (ue) | No diphthong pronounced as if you first say "y" ces mam li ntxiv "e". |
| ㅚ | vue (yuue) | Sound like "yuue". |
| ㅝ | woo (woo) | Deep woah. Lub diphthong no yog pronounced li yog hais tias koj xub hais "u" thiab mam li abruptly ntxiv "o". |
| ㅞ | vye (uye) | Sound like "vye". |
| ㅟ | wee (wee) | Suab zoo li lub suab nrov "wee" lossis "wee" |
| ㅢ | uyy (th) | Sound like "th" |
Cov lus sib dhos
Korean vowels tsis nyuaj, tab sis cov consonants yuav nyuaj to taub thaum xub thawj, vim muaj txausua kom yuam kev system.
Consonants nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj ntawv Kauslim muab faib ua aspirated, non-aspirated, thiab mid-aspirated. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab tias qhov kev ntshaw yog dab tsi, siv lub teeb pom kev zoo tib yam los yog koj tus xib teg. Thaum koj ua pa tawm ib tsab ntawv, koj yuav hnov cua sov hauv koj lub xib teg lossis pom daim ntaub flutter. Ua pa yog ib yam zoo li lub suab "x" ua ntej tsab ntawv, tsuas yog tsis meej thiab pom tseeb.
Hauv qab no yog ib lub rooj ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv Kauslim nrog cov tsiaj ntawv Lavxias lub npe, tus lej.
| Sau ib tsab ntawv | Nws lub npe nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj ntawv Korean | Yuav ua li cas hais |
| ㄱ | kiek | Ib qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm "k" thiab "g", hais tau me ntsis ua pa. |
| ㄴ | neeun | Pronounced like "n", un breathed, me ntsis ntawm lub qhov ntswg. |
| ㄷ | tigyt | Ib qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm "d" thiab "t", nrog ua pa me ntsis. |
| ㄹ | rieul | Nyob ntawm txoj haujlwm hauv lo lus, nws tuaj yeem hais tau raws li lub suab "r" (tsis ntse li lus Lavxias) lossis "l". |
| ㅁ | miym | Suab yuav luag zoo li lub suab "m" hauv Lavxias, tsuas yog me ntsis tob thiab zoo li rounder. |
| ㅂ | piyp (biyp) | Ib qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm "p" thiab "b", ua pa me ntsis. |
| ㅅ | shchiot | Pronounced as "s" yog ㅅ ua raws li ㅣ, nyeem zoo li"schi", thaum koj yog ib yam ntawm "u" thiab "s". |
| ㅇ | iyung | Similar to the -ing xaus in English. Yog hais tias nws yog thaum pib ntawm ib lub suab nrog ib tug vowel, nws tsis yog nyeem tau los ntawm nws tus kheej, tsuas yog lub suab yog pronounced. Thaum kawg ntawm ib lub suab, nws yog pronounced nrog lub nasal suab "ng" |
| ㅈ | jiit | "j" |
| ㅊ | cheet | "chh" or "tshh" |
| ㅋ | khiik | Tswv ua pa loj li "kh". |
| ㅌ | thiyt | Tswv nrog ua pa loj xws li "tx". |
| ㅍ | phiyp | Tswv nrog pa loj li "ph" |
| ㅎ | hiit | Pronounced as "x". |
| ㄲ | ssang kiek | "rau" tsis muaj pa, hais tau nrawm heev. |
| ㄸ | ssang tigyt | "t" tsis muaj pa, hais tau nrawm heev. |
| ㅃ | ssang biyp | ntse "p" |
| ㅆ | ssang shield | ntse "s". |
| ㅉ | ssang jiit | Pronounced "ts" |
Kev hais lus yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev kawm ib hom lus txawv teb chaws.
