Ib lub roob loj tshaj plaws ntawm thaj av loj, ncab rau 4500 mais, nrog thaj tsam tag nrho ntawm ntau dua ib thiab ib nrab lab square kilometers - roob ntawm Siberia yav qab teb. Muab zais rau hauv qhov tob ntawm Asia, pib los ntawm cov tiaj tiaj ntawm sab hnub poob thiab ncab mus rau Pacific ntug dej hiav txwv, cov chains tsim cov dej ntws ntawm cov dej Siberian zoo uas ntws mus rau hauv Dej Hiav Txwv Arctic thiab cov dej muaj npe sib npaug ntawm Far East uas muab lawv cov dej. mus rau Pacific.
Lub roob txoj siv sia nyob rau yav qab teb Siberia muaj qhov siab siab tshaj qhov dej hiav txwv thiab tau muab faib ua thaj tsam thaj chaw. Ntau tshaj 60% yog nyob hauv roob taiga. Lub nyem ntawm qhov chaw raws nws tag nrho ntev yog rugged, nrog loj loj amplitudes ntawm heights, uas yog vim li cas rau ntau yam struts thiab contrasts nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso thiab climatic tej yam kev mob.
geology
roob ntawm Siberia yav qab teb tau tsim tsis tau ib zaug. Ua ntej, tectonic uplifts tshwm sim hauv thaj av Baikal thiab nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Sayan Roob, qhov no yog pov thawj los ntawm Precambrian thiab Lower Paleozoic pob zeb. Altai, Western Sayan thiab Salair Range tsim nyob rau hauv Paleozoic. Tom qab tag nrho, twb nyob rau hauv Mesozoic, Eastern Transbaikalia sawv. Roob lub tsev txuas ntxiv mus txog niaj hnub no, raws li muaj pov thawj los ntawm av qeeg txhua xyoo thiab kev txav ntawm lub ntiaj teb crust nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qeeb qeeb los yog uplifts. Cov roob ntawm Siberia yav qab teb kuj tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm Quaternary glaciation. Glaciers npog tsis tau tsuas yog tag nrho cov massifs nrog ib tug tuab txheej, tab sis kuj mus deb deb mus rau hauv lub tiaj tiaj ntawm sab qab teb hnub poob. Nws yog cov glaciers uas dissected lub ridges thiab tsim cov pob zeb niches, vim hais tias cov ridges tau nqaim thiab ntse, qhov chaw siab tshaj, lub gorges ua tob.
Thoob plaws tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm thaj chaw, cov roob ntawm Siberia yav qab teb muaj qhov ntsuas kub tsis zoo txhua xyoo, uas yog, lub caij ntuj no ntev nrog cov huab cua hnyav heev. Nyob rau thaj tsam sab hnub poob, lub caij ntuj sov los nag, cov daus npog yog qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws - txog li peb meters. Vim li no, cov roob ntawm Sab Qab Teb Siberia nyob rau hauv cov chaw no yog npog nrog damp taiga (fir, cedar), muaj ntau swamps thiab zoo nkauj meadows. Nyob rau thaj tsam sab hnub tuaj thiab hauv cov phiab, dej nag tsawg heev, lub caij ntuj sov kub thiab qhuav heev, thiab cov toj roob hauv pes feem ntau yog steppe. Ntawm tag nrho cov ridges, cov roob ntawm yav qab teb Siberia nce tshaj cov daus ciam teb tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Altai, nyob rau hauv lub Eastern Sayan Roob thiab nyob rau hauv Stanovoy Upland - tsuas yog muaj glaciers. Muaj ntau qhov tshwj xeeb hauv Altai - 900 square kilometers ntawm glaciation.
Nws yog nyob ntawd uas txhua tus dej Siberian loj tuaj: Ob, Irtysh, Yenisei, Lena, Amur. Thaum xub thawj lawv ntws nyob rau hauv nqaim picturesque hav ntawm ntxhab impregnable pob zeb. Qhov tam sim no yog ceev heev - qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm cov channel ncav cuag ntau kaum metersib kilometer ntawm kev txav mus los. Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm yuav luag tag nrho cov dej ntws, glaciers tshuav ib daim ntawv ntawm curly pob zeb, "ram lub hauv pliaj", crossbars thiab moraines. Cov roob ntawm Southern Siberia, daim ntawv qhia uas tau kawm txawm nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv, tsim cov pas dej ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb zoo nkauj hauv lawv cov hollows thiab circuses. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv, thiab qee qhov zoo nkauj dua lwm tus. Piv txwv li, cascading Multinsky nyob rau hauv Altai, Teletskoye - lub zos pearl, thiab amazing Aya. Grandiose thiab zoo kawg li yog lub pas dej huv tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb - Baikal. Zoo nkauj Markakol, Ulug-Khol, Todzha.
