Txhua yam kab mob, los ntawm cov kab mob me me mus rau tsiaj, yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw. Yuav luag tag nrho lub sij hawm tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv peb lub cev, uas qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ntau yam tshuaj. Ntawm no peb yuav tham txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm phosphorus thiab nitrogen.
Lub luag haujlwm lom neeg ntawm phosphorus thiab nws cov tebchaw
Txhua lub ntsiab lus ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm lub cev homeostasis. Tib yam siv rau phosphorus, uas nyob deb ntawm lub luag haujlwm kawg. Lub luag haujlwm lom neeg ntawm phosphorus yog dab tsi thiab nws pom nyob qhov twg feem ntau?
Nyob rau hauv xwm, phosphorus tsuas yog pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tebchaw. Cov kev cai niaj hnub ntawm cov khoom yog 1600 mg rau tus neeg nruab nrab. Phosphorus yog ib feem ntawm cov molecules xws li ATP (adenosine triphosphate), nucleic acids (DNA thiab RNA), membrane phospholipids.
Lub luag haujlwm lom neeg ntawm phosphorus hauv lub cev yog cuam tshuam nrog kev saib xyuas cov pob txha. Hydroxyapatite, uas suav nrog phosphoric acid residue, yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov pob txha. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom no muaj calcium ions, uas txhawb nqaskeletal zog.
Phospholipids ntawm daim nyias nyias yog lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem. Cov txheej bilipid dictates cov khoom ntawm CPM li yas, kaw tus kheej, thiab thauj cov khoom. Phospholipids yog lub luag haujlwm rau qee hom kev thauj mus los hla cov membrane. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub thickness ntawm CMP yog ib qho thiab semi-integral proteins.
Nucleic acids yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv caj ces. Cov molecules no muaj qhov yooj yim nucleotide monomers, uas suav nrog phosphorus residues. Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov phosphodiester bonds ntawm DNA thiab RNA molecules, yam tsis muaj cov qauv tseem ceeb yuav ua tsis tau.
Lub luag haujlwm lom neeg ntawm phosphorus yog txuam nrog kev cia lub zog hauv lub cell. Qhov no yog txuam nrog cov synthesis ntawm ATP, lub molecule uas muaj peb seem ntawm phosphoric acid. Lawv interconnected los ntawm macroergic bonds, uas lub zog yog khaws cia. ATP yog synthesized nyob rau hauv mitochondria nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag chloroplasts, uas ua rau cov organelles lub zog ntawm lub cell. Yog tias ib qho seem ntawm phosphoric acid raug tshem tawm, cov molecule hu ua ADP (adenosine diphosphate), thiab yog tias ob qhov seem raug tshem tawm, ces ATP hloov mus rau AMP (adenosine monophosphate).
Lub luag haujlwm lom neeg ntawm phosphorus cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab cov leeg nqaij. Cov tshuaj no yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm qee cov enzymes uas tsim nyog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv lub cell.
Deficiency thiab tshaj ntawm phosphorus
Cov ntsiab lusPhosphorus nyob rau hauv lub cev yuav tsum tsis tu ncua thiab khaws cia nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam ntau yam. Yog tias muaj qhov nce hauv qhov concentration ntawm cov khoom, qee cov kab mob tsim. Ntawm lawv yog kab mob raum, kab mob Addison, ntshav qab zib mellitus, acromegaly.
Txo qis ntawm cov phosphorus ua rau kev txhim kho cov haujlwm siab ntawm cov qog parathyroid, nrog rau ntau yam kab mob.
Lub luag haujlwm lom neeg ntawm phosphorus yog tswj hwm cov ntshav ib puag ncig. Cov txheej txheem tsis yuav tsum muaj cov phosphoric acid residues, yog li cov concentration ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas txawm tias qhov xwm txheej twg los xij. Nws tau raug pov thawj tias nrog tsis muaj phosphorus, lub cev siv nws los ntawm cov hlwb ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws cov concentration hauv cov ntshav ib txwm nyob tsis tu ncua lossis txawv ntawm qhov nqaim. Thiab tsuas yog nrog kev poob ntawm 40% ntawm tag nrho cov phosphorus hauv lub cev, cov ntshav poob tsuas yog 10% ntawm tag nrho nws pawg.
Nitrogen thiab nws txoj haujlwm hauv lub cev
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm nitrogen yog kev tsim cov proteins thiab amino acids. Cov molecules yuav tsum muaj cov amino pawg, uas suav nrog cov tshuaj no. Proteins ua haujlwm ntau heev. Piv txwv li, lawv yog ib feem ntawm cell membranes thiab organelles, pab thauj cov molecules ntawm lwm yam tshuaj, ua ib tug teeb liab muaj nuj nqi, catalyze tag nrho biochemical tshuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm enzymes.
Amino acids yog cov monomers ntawm cov proteins. Hauv lub xeev dawb, lawv tuaj yeem ua qee yam haujlwm. Amino acids kuj tseem yog precursors ntawm cov tshuaj hormones xws li adrenaline, norepinephrine, triiodothyronine thiabthyroxine.
Nitrogen muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv. Nws tuav lub elasticity ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ntshav siab. Nitric oxide TSIS yog ib qho ntawm cov neurotransmitters nyob rau hauv axons ntawm cov hlwb ntawm lub paj hlwb.
Zoo kawg
Lub luag haujlwm lom neeg ntawm nitrogen thiab phosphorus yog tswj hwm ntau yam tseem ceeb hauv lub cev. Cov ntsiab lus no tsim cov organic molecules tseem ceeb xws li cov proteins, nucleic acids, lossis qee pawg ntawm lipids. Yog hais tias nitrogen tswj hemodynamics, ces phosphorus yog lub luag hauj lwm rau lub zog synthesis thiab yog ib tug structural element ntawm cov pob txha ntaub so ntswg.
