Theropod dinosaurs yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm kev sib cais ntawm bipedal carnivorous dinosaurs. Tab sis nws kuj yog ib tug suborder ntawm lizards. Lawv nyob hauv lub sijhawm prehistoric, hauv Mesozoic era, pib los ntawm lub sijhawm Triassic. Lub hnub qub ntawm lawv lub neej poob rau lub sijhawm Jurassic thiab Cretaceous, tom kawg tau los ua qhov poob ntawm tag nrho cov dinosaurs.
Predatory "beast" dinosaurs
Theropods txawv ntawm tag nrho lwm cov dinosaurs nyob rau hauv uas lawv taug kev ntawm ob txhais ceg. Cov paws pem hauv ntej yog me me, tsis ntau tshaj li ib nrab ib 'meter'. Theropods tsis tshua siv lawv. Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntawm lawv lub hom phiaj.
Nrog lawv muaj ob qho tib si carnivorous thiab herbivorous dinosaurs.
Cov tsiaj nyeg dinosaurs tau los ntawm qhov loj mus rau qhov me me. Cov feem ntau ancient yog pom nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm Triassic. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv yog coelurosaurs los ntawm pawg carnosaurs, suav nrog tyrannosaurs. Nws kuj tseem ntseeg tias keeb kwm ntawm cov noog yog los ntawm theropods.
Cov neeg laus tshaj plaws cov tsiaj nyeg dinosaurs suav nrog: tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntev thiab qhov hnyav - Aliwalia (8meters / 1.5 tons), staurikosaurus, coelophysis, herrerasaurus, herrerasaurids. Cov tom kawg tau tshwm sim thaum pib ntawm lub sijhawm Triassic thiab tuag tawm ua ntej lossis thaum pib ntawm Jurassic lub sijhawm. Lawv kuj me me, tsuas yog 2-3 meters ntev thiab siab txog 80 centimeters.
Tyrannosaurus rex - tus neeg tua tsiaj siab phem
Tyrannosaurs tau muaj txij li thaum pib ntawm Jurassic lub sijhawm. Tib qho kev kawm zoo kawg Cretaceous predator yog Tyrannosaurus rex. Lub theropod muaj lub siab tsis zoo ntshav nqhis dej, cov hniav ntse thiab qab los noj mov, nrog rau lub cev muaj zog, muaj zog ceg thiab caj dab.
Lub taub hau loj txog 1.5 meters ntev tau tuav ntawm caj dab luv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws hnyav yuav luag xya tons thiab ntev 12-14 meters. Nrog rau tag nrho nws cov tsos mob, nws ntshai tag nrho cov herbivores, txawm tias loj tshaj plaws dinosaurs. Hauv kev noj zaub mov, nws tsis thuam ib yam dab tsi, txawm tias cov txheeb ze me me.
Rex tsuas yog pub rau cov tsiaj nyeg dinosaurs, tab sis tuaj yeem tua cov tsiaj nyeg los ntawm cov tsiaj me me. Yog nws tshaib plab heev, nws noj tau carrion.
Tyrannosaurus Neighbors
T-Rex tsis yog tib tus uas muaj npau taws heev. Lwm yam predatory dinosaurs ntawm lub sijhawm Jurassic kuj nyob ze. Ntawm no yog ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg dinosaurs uas nyob ib sab ntawm tyrannosaurs.
Nov yog Seratosaurus (North America), yog "horned lizard" nrog ib lub horns ntawm nws lub taub hau. Lub yim-meter Metriacanthosaurus hnav lub nkoj zoo kawg rau ntawm nws nraub qaum, nyiam noj herbivoresdinosaurs.
Ornitholest - tus tsiaj nruab nrab - tuaj yeem khiav ntawm ob thiab plaub ceg. Megalosaurus - txog li cuaj meters ntev, muaj zog, cov leeg, cov tsiaj nyeg nrog cov hniav ntse (tseem pom nyob hauv Europe). Dilophosaurus muaj ob pob txha crests ntawm nws lub taub hau ib zaug, lub cev ntev yog rau meters. Txav tau sai thiab txawj ntse ntawm ob txhais ceg.
Allosaurus yog lwm tus npau suav phem Jurassic. Ib tug tsiaj nqhis dej nqhis dej 11 meters ntev nrog lub zog muaj zog hind ob txhais ceg, luv peb-toed forelimbs nrog claws thiab lub qhov ncauj toothy. Nws ntshai tag nrho cov neeg nyob hauv hav zoov uas nws nyob. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb xav tias nws yog poj koob yawm txwv ntawm Tyrannosaurus rex.
Lwm qhov nruab nrab (peb ntev) formidable killer predator yog Deinonychus "monstrous claw". Nws muaj ob rab ntaj tuag taus ntawm ob txhais ceg sab nraub qaum uas tshwm tawm zoo li lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav-loaded bandit riam.
Me me carnivorous theropods
Ntxiv rau qhov loj thiab nruab nrab carnivorous dinosaurs, kuj tseem muaj cov tsiaj me thiab me me heev. Cov dinosaurs me tshaj plaws noj tsuas yog kab, ntsaum, lizards me, qav, thiab dinosaur qe.
Piv txwv li, lub qe noj dinosaur oviraptor nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia. Cov me me dinosaur Troodon (USA) tau tsim zoo ob qho tib si hind thiab forelimbs, uas nws muaj peev xwm rake nplooj thiab xuab zeb poured mus nkaum qe. Nws nkag mus rau hauv lub zes, tuav lub qe thiab muab pov rau hauv nws lub qhov ncauj, qhov chaw uas nws chob nws nrog ntsehniav.
Tus ceev tshaj plaws carnivorous dinosaurs walkers
Lub segisaurs yog cov ceev, nruab nrab-qhov loj me dinosaurs - nrog xob laim-ceev txav thiab lub embodiment ntawm ceev, nrog ib tug loj, rau lawv cov me stature, lub qhov ncauj nrog ntse hniav, uas tso cai rau koj sai sai nqos me me tsiaj.
Lwm tus khiav - pokesaur (tshwj xeeb raws li fleet-footed lizard) - ceev li xob laim, rub darting me me prey underfoot. Compsognathus yog qhov me tshaj plaws, 60 cm ntev los ntawm lub qhov ntswg mus rau tus Tsov tus tw, thiab zoo li tus qaib nruab nrab, tab sis tus dinosaur ferocious tshaj plaws.
Nws yog qhov tseeb vim yog cov tsiaj me me uas lub neej ntawm herbivores, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog me me, ua rau tuag taus.
Herbivorous dinosaurs los ntawm lub sijhawm Triassic
Cov dinosaurs qub tshaj plaws, lawv tseem hu ua prosauropods, nyob rau lub sijhawm Triassic (South America). Tsis muaj cov loj loj, piv txwv li, Massaur, ntev li peb meters, tab sis lub Riohasaurus pom nyob rau hauv tib qhov chaw tig tawm los ua loj thiab loj dua.
Cov seem ntawm lwm yam qub dinosaur Nyasosaurus pom nyob rau hauv teb chaws Africa, nws qhov ntev tsuas yog ob meters. Lub tecontosaurus pom hauv tebchaws Askiv tau dhau los ua neeg laus dua. Txhua tus neeg sawv cev zoo ib yam. Lawv muaj lub taub hau me me, caj dab ntev thiab tails, luv forelimbs, feem ntau yog tsib ntiv tes thiab nrog claws. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem tsa lawv lub taub hau siab (vim muaj teeb meem nrog lub ncauj tsev menyuam), lawv yuav tsum tau sau nplooj (ua zaub mov) hauv av los yog txaus siab nrog undergrowth thiab twigs uas loj hlob qis.
Herbivorous theropods ntawm lub sijhawm Jurassic thiab Cretaceous
Cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv los ntawm lub sijhawm Jurassic thiab Cretaceous tau hu ua "Ornithischians", lawv txawv heev hauv lawv qhov loj me los ntawm lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv. Lawv tau loj dua, loj dua, muaj peb ntiv tes ntawm lub hauv ntej paws, tsis yog tsib.
Tsis muaj ib tug tsiaj uas nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb yuav thiab tsis tuaj yeem piv nrog cov dinosaurs herbivorous. Los ntawm kev tsim lawv, xwm tau tshaj nws tus kheej.
Apatosaurs (brontosaurs), diplodocus thiab brachiosaurs yog cov yeej tiag tiag hauv qhov siab thiab qhov hnyav. Pab pawg loj ntawm dinosaurs no hu ua "sauropods".
- Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog Brachiosaurus, nws qhov hnyav yog li 50 tons.
- caj dab ntev tshaj plaws yog Mamenchisaurus, nws lub caj dab ntev li 15 meters.
- Tus Tsov tus tw ntev tshaj plaws tau loj hlob hauv diplodocus - ntau npaum li 12 meters.
- Shanosaurus tau dhau los ua tus Tsov tus tw txawv tshaj plaws, nrog lub pob txha loj hlob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm mace loj hlob thaum kawg.
- Cov caj dab tsis ntev: Camarasaurus, Vulcanodon, Ouranosaurus nrog nws lub nkoj zoo kawg nkaus rau nws nraub qaum, uas ua haujlwm kom txias.
Cov dinosaurs me me: Iguanodon, Psittacosaurus thiab Protoceraptos nrog lawv cov beak tsis raug kev txom nyem ntau los ntawm kev tsis muaj zaub mov. Cov nroj tsuag nyob rau lub sijhawm Jurassic tau txaus rau txhua tus, vim tias tsob ntoo thiab tsob ntoo loj hlob ntau.
Niam niam thiab lawv cov xeeb ntxwv
Dinosaurs, zoo li cov tsiaj reptiles niaj hnub no, nteg qe. Qhov no tau lees paub los ntawm ntau qhov kev pom ntawm fossilized ovipositions, lawv txawv qhov loj thiab tso. Ib txhiaCov qe dinosaur tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub voj voog, lwm tus nyob rau hauv ib tug kauv, thiab lwm tus nyob rau hauv ib txoj kab. Qhov tseeb nthuav: nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov keeb kwm ntawm excavations, archaeologists yeej tsis pom qe ntawm tyrannosaurus rex.
Thaum ua ib lub zes rau hauv lub qhov av, tus poj niam tso qe rau ntawd, ces npog lawv nrog nplooj thiab cov khib nyiab me me rau saum kom cov tsiaj txhu tsis pom. Qee cov dinosaurs tau ntim cov twig qhuav thiab nplooj rau saum tsis yog rau kev tiv thaiv xwb, tab sis kuj tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias.
Mommies tsis tawm lub zes nrog qe rau ntev, lawv nyob ze ze kom cawm cov menyuam yaus los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm ntau yam tsiaj txhu. Lawv tsuas tshuav noj thiab haus xwb. Cov kws tshawb fawb xaus lus tias kev sib deev ntawm yav tom ntej dinosaur cubs nyob ntawm qhov kub ntawm lub zes. Tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, muaj yuav luag ib txwm muaj ntau "ntxhais" dua "tub".
Tham thawj, cov menyuam mos liab nyob ze lawv niam mus txog thaum lawv loj thiab muaj zog txaus noj zaub mov rau lawv tus kheej thiab khiav tawm lossis tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej ntawm cov yeeb ncuab.
