Yog tias peb piv peb cov lus, niaj hnub, thiab hais lus tsawg kawg peb cov pog yawg (thiab niam txiv), yuav muaj kev hloov pauv loj. Thiab nws tsim nyog mloog lossis tau txais kev nkag siab ntawm kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas - peb yuav tsis nkag siab ib nrab ntawm qhov lawv hais txhua. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv ua haujlwm nrog cov lus zoo li no, hu rau cov khoom no (qhov piv txwv tiag tiag yog cov cwj pwm kev ua si thiab cov khoom siv virtual), uas peb tseem tsis tau paub txog.
Txhua yam no yog pov thawj tias cov lus yog ib yam kabmob uas muaj sia nyob, uas nws hloov mus tas li. Qhov kev txhim kho no yog dab tsi? Nyob rau hauv tas li replenishment ntawm cov lus ntawm tus nqi ntawm ib co lus, nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm lwm tus neeg yav dhau los. Tom qab tag nrho, dab tsi yog neologism? Qhov no yog ib lo lus uas nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm tshwj xeeb no yog perceived li tshiab, nkag tsis ntev los no, tsis mastered txaus. Raws li nws tau kho nyob rau hauv cov lus, nws poob nws ntxoov ntxoo ntawm novelty, uanquag siv. Ib qho piv txwv yuav yog, hais, lo lus " dav hlau" lossis "lub xov tooj ntawm tes", lossis txawm tias "computer".
Ntawm ib theem ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, tag nrho cov no yog neologisms hauv lus Lavxias. Tab sis tam sim no peb tau ntev lawm accustomed mus rau lawv, lawv tau los ua ib feem ntawm cov feem ntau siv. Los yog cia peb coj lo lus "pioneer", "Komsomol tus tswv cuab" - nrog rau qhov tshwm sim, cov ntsiab lus uas hu ua lawv kuj tshwm sim. Tab sis cov koom haum no tau ploj mus - thiab tam sim no cov lus tau dhau los ua qhov qub, dhau los ua keeb kwm.
Yog li, neologism yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog ib tug lexeme uas nkag mus rau cov lus los yog tsim nyob rau hauv nws kuj tsis ntev los no thiab yog perceived los ntawm feem ntau hais lus raws li ib tug tshiab unit. Cov tsos ntawm cov lus no yog inextricably txuas nrog ob peb lub ntsiab lus. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis. Muaj kev tsim kho, kev tsim kho, cov khoom lag luam - thiab yuav tsum muaj cov lus tshiab. Piv txwv li, "search engine", "browser", "laptop" tuaj rau hauv kev siv me ntsis dhau kaum xyoo dhau los. Yuav kom nkag siab tias neologism yog dab tsi, peb yuav tau txais kev pabcuam los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv zej zog thiab kev hloov pauv. Yog hais tias, piv txwv li, thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th lo lus "communist", "party member" yog tshiab, ces tam sim no, thaum tshiab tog, koom haum thiab kev sib raug zoo zog tau tsim, "United Russia", "tub rog txiv neej", “medveputy” nkag mus rau hom lus.
Qhov kev paub ntau yam txawv. Piv txwv li, kev kawm nquaglo lus cov ntaub ntawv ua tim khawv tias lo lus yog ruaj khov rau hauv cov lus thiab kev nco qab ntawm cov neeg kawm ntawv. Yog tias ob peb xyoos dhau los peb tau siv lub npe ntawm lub tuam txhab thiab lub tshuab tshawb nrhiav tsuas yog lub npe tsim nyog "Google", tam sim no koj tuaj yeem hnov lus zoo li "google", "google". Los yog cia peb coj cov lus nthuav dav "zoo li", "tweet", "phooj ywg" - qhov no yuav pab peb nkag siab tias neologism yog dab tsi thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom tshiab hauv peb cov lus mus li cas. Feem ntau, kev hloov kho cov ntsiab lus tshwm sim los ntawm kev qiv. Ntxiv mus, feem ntau rau kev xaiv tsa ntawm tib lub phenomenon los yog khoom, muaj ob lo lus nyob rau hauv parallel: mastered thiab tshiab. Piv txwv li, "pallet" thiab "pallet". Los yog "tus tswj" thiab "tus tswj". Neologisms nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Lavxias teb sab kuj yog tsim los ntawm kev hloov lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus uas twb muaj lawm. Piv txwv li, "suab" nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm "hais, hais tawm nrov." Los yog "upload" hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm "hloov cov ntaub ntawv".
Cov kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj huam tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov lus. Piv txwv li Mayakovsky ("hulk", "mus rau lub hnub qub"), Nabokov ("nymphet") yuav pab peb to taub tias tus neeg-sau ntawv neologism yog dab tsi. Txwv tsis pub, cov lus no kuj hu ua qee zaus.
