Kev kawm ntawm lub npe nruab nrab yog txheej txheem tsim nyog hauv lub neej txhua hnub, tab sis tsis yog ib txwm yooj yim. Qee lub sij hawm qhov tsim ntawm qhov xav tau hloov pauv los ntawm ib lub npe tshwj xeeb hloov mus ua ib qho teeb meem tag nrho, ob qho tib si los ntawm sab ntawm cov kev hloov pauv ncaj qha, thiab los ntawm sab ntawm yuav ua li cas raws nraim ib los yog lwm qhov sib txawv yuav tsum tau hais. Tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem dhau los ua qhov teeb meem loj heev uas yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev paub los daws nws. Tshwj xeeb, rau qhov no koj yuav tsum kos qee cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm onomastics, kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov npe kom raug. Yam tsawg kawg nkaus hauv kev txiav txim, piv txwv li, los tsim qhov tseeb patronymic sawv cev ntawm Nikita.
Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txog cov npe nruab nrab
Lub npe tag nrho ntawm ib tus neeg txawv ntawm lub tebchaws mus rau ib lub tebchaws. Yog li, cov Icelanders tsis muaj xws li ib tug lub xeem, ib tug neeg tsuas yog hu los ntawm nws thawj lub npe thiab ib hom ntawm "patronymic" - patronymic los yog matronymic (nyob rau hauv Russia, ib rooj plaub yog sau npe thaum ib tug txiv neej phau ntawv hla tebchaws muaj ob lub patronymic. thiab match), uasraug tsim los sawv cev ntawm leej txiv lossis leej niam, raws.
Lwm qhov xwm txheej tau tsim keeb kwm ntawm cov Eastern Slavs. Nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev lig kev cai, ib tug neeg lub npe tag nrho muaj ib lub xeem (feem ntau muab los ntawm txoj hauj lwm los yog lub npe menyuam yaus ntawm ib tug poj koob yawm txwv), ib lub npe tsim nyog, thiab ib tug patronymic. Cov yav tas yog Ameslikas siv tshwj xeeb los ntawm sab saum toj ntawm lub ancient Lavxias teb sab haiv neeg, princes thiab lawv combatants. Yog li, txawm nyob rau hauv epics, los ntawm lub npe thiab patronymic lub npe, heroes ntawm tshwj xeeb noble keeb kwm raug hu, thiab tsuas yog kev zam yog plowman Mikula Silyaninovich.
Novgorod sawv tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau, ib txwm muaj npe nrov rau nws tus kheej lub siab nyiam. Ntawm no cov neeg hauv nroog tau txais tus cwj pwm ntawm kev sib tham los ntawm patronymics. Thawj lub npe nyob rau hauv Russia kuj tshwm sim ntawm no. Rau kev ua tub rog. Yuav kom paub qhov txawv ntawm ib tug Kuzma los ntawm lwm tus.
Txoj cai dav dav rau kev tsim cov patronymics
Kev tsim cov patronymic, zoo li ntau lwm yam hauv Lavxias teb sab, yog ua raws li ntau txoj cai. Yuav kom tsim tau ib tug patronymic kom raug, los yog teb koj tus kheej cov lus nug, uas patronymic yog los ntawm lub npe ntawm Nikita, koj yuav tsum xub ua tib zoo saib xyuas nws qhov kawg. Raws li qhov no, cov lus xaus raug xaiv:
- Rau cov npe uas xaus rau hauv cov lus sib dhos (tshwj tsis yog w, sh, h, u, c), siv cov lus "-ovich" lossis "-ovna", piv txwv li, "Alexandrovich" thiab "Ivanovna".
- Cov lus "-evich" lossis "-evna" ntxiv rau cov npe uaskawg nyob rau hauv zh, sh, h, u thiab ts, ua rau patronymics xws li "Zhorzhevich" los yog "Frantsevna".
- Rau cov npe xaus rau hauv cov lus tsis txaus siab a, y, s, cov lus "-ovich" thiab "-ovna" yog siv, thaum tshem tawm cov lus kawg - "Antipovich" thiab "Gavrilovna", txawm li cas los xij muaj ntau qhov kev zam. (piv txwv li, poj niam patronymic los ntawm lub npe "Nikita" - "Nikitichna").
- Cov lus "-ovich" thiab "-ovna" yog siv rau cov npe xaus nrog qhov tsis txaus siab "o", piv txwv li, "Vasilkovich" thiab "Mikhailovna".
- "Zahariyevna".
Ib daim ntawv cais tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov npe txawv teb chaws. Cov teeb meem feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim qee qhov ntawm cov patronymics nws thiaj li "hloov" raws li tus qauv ntawm cov patronymics los ntawm Lavxias lub npe, uas yuav tau tham hauv qab no.
patronymic npe los ntawm txawv teb chaws npe
Ib zaj dab neeg cais yog tsim los ntawm ib tug patronymic los ntawm txawv teb chaws lub npe. Ntawm no nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom nkag siab tias yog tias peb tab tom tham txog cov npe uas yog ib txwm muaj rau cov neeg uas muaj keeb kwm zoo sib xws nrog Russia, uas nws thaj chaw tau ntev los ua ib feem ntawm nws, ces muaj kev tsim cov patronymic rau cov neeg. Cov qauv tib yam li hauv Lavxias nrog qee qhov kev hloov kho lub sijhawm.
Piv txwv li, lub npe nruab nrab "Yanovich" yog siv los hloov lub npe nruab nrab "Yanisovich" thiab "Vakhtangovich" es tsis txhob "Vakhtangievich". Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov me nyuam los ntawm interethnic sib yuav pom lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib tug nyuaj qhov teeb meem, uas cov niam txiv xav kom muab lawv ob leeg ntaub ntawv ntawm lub teb chaws los ntawm leej txiv ntawm tus me nyuam los ntawm, thiab Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Yav dhau los, tsim ib tug patronymic coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab-lus ntaub ntawv, muaj ib tug siab tshwm sim ntawm pom, piv txwv li, nruab nrab lub npe "Jonovich" nyob rau hauv daim ntawv pov thawj hnub yug. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau xyoo tas los no, rau cov menyuam yug hauv kev sib yuav thoob ntiaj teb, nws muaj peev xwm muab cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj lub npe nruab nrab.
Hais lus nta ntawm Lavxias teb sab patronymics
Hauv kev hais lus, ib tug neeg feem ntau abbreviates ib los yog lwm lo lus nws hais. Ib yam zoo sib xws tshwm sim nrog patronymics. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee qhov xwm txheej qhov no tsis tuaj yeem lees txais. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov ob peb txoj cai yooj yim:
- Nyob rau hauv ib qho xwm txheej ntawm kev lag luam, kev sib txuas lus, nrog rau thawj qhov kev taw qhia ntawm ib tug neeg, ib tug yuav tsum tau hais nws lub npe thiab patronymic kom meej meej li sai tau, tsis muaj cov ntawv luv.
- Yog hais tias tus patronymic pib nrog "thiab", yog tias nws tau hais tom qab lub npe nrog cov lus tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kawg, lub suab "thiab" tig mus rau lub suab "ы".
- Txiv neej patronymics pib nrog "-ovich" tuaj yeem hais tau ob qho tib si hauv daim ntawv tag nrho thiab luv luv (piv txwv li, ib lub npe patronymic los ntawm lub npe "Nikita" -"Nikitovich" - tuaj yeem hais tau tias "Nikitich"), txawm li cas los xij, nws raug pom zoo kom hais cov poj niam patronymics tag nrho.
Zoo kawg
kev kawm kom raug thiab hais lus ntawm patronymics yog qee zaum nyuaj heev. Tshwj xeeb hauv cov xwm txheej uas peb tab tom tham txog cov npe tsis yog Lavxias. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kawm ob peb txoj cai yooj yim tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim dua.